Nations by Numbers

Europe & Central Asia

Turkmenistan in numbers

Turkmenistan is in Europe & Central Asia and is classed by the World Bank as upper middle income. Its capital is Ashgabat. Its population was 7.62 million in 2025, ranking 103 of 217 countries. GDP per person was US$6,540 in 2025.

Population7.62 million2025
GDPUS$49.8 billion2025
GDP per personUS$6,5402025
Life expectancy70.22024
Area491,2092024
Urban share47.1%2025

People

Population

7.62 million
2025 · +66% since 2000 · Rank 103 of 217

Population growth (annual %)

1.65%
2025 · 1.99% in 2000 · Rank 64 of 217

Population density (people per km²)

15.9
2024 · +64% since 2000 · Rank 198 of 216

Urban population (% of total)

47.1%
2025 · 46.1% in 2000 · Rank 156 of 217

Population aged 0 to 14 (% of total)

31.2%
2025 · 37.3% in 2000 · Rank 66 of 217

Population aged 65 and over (% of total)

4.8%
2025 · 4.0% in 2000 · Rank 153 of 217

Fertility rate (births per woman)

2.66
2024 · -8% since 2000 · Rank 69 of 217

Health and living standards

Life expectancy at birth (years)

70.2
2024 · +8% since 2000 · Rank 153 of 217

Under-5 mortality (per 1,000 live births)

39.0
2024 · -43% since 2000 · Rank 41 of 196

Health spending per person (current US$)

US$581
2023 · +670% since 2000 · Rank 81 of 193

Access to electricity (% of population)

100.0%
2024 · 99.6% in 2000 · Rank 16 of 215

Internet users (% of population)

18.0%
2016 · 0.1% in 2000

Primary school enrolment (% gross)

95.7%
2024 · 99.5% in 2019 · Rank 140 of 190

Economy

GDP (current US$)

US$49.8 billion
2025 · +1,615% since 2000 · Rank 97 of 210

GDP per person (current US$)

US$6,540
2025 · +932% since 2000 · Rank 127 of 210

GDP per person, PPP (current international $)

Int$22,602
2025 · +437% since 2000 · Rank 99 of 199

GDP growth (annual %)

6.30%
2025 · 5.47% in 2000 · Rank 31 of 210

Unemployment (% of labour force, ILO estimate)

4.3%
2025 · 11.7% in 2000 · Rank 116 of 187

Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)

14.5%
2025 · 55.2% in 2000 · Rank 164 of 183

Land and environment

Land and water area (km²)

491,209
2024 · +1% since 2000 · Rank 54 of 216

Forest area (% of land area)

5.0%
2024 · 5.0% in 2000 · Rank 180 of 214

CO₂ emissions per person (tonnes)

10.86
2024 · +27% since 2000 · Rank 18 of 203

Elsewhere in Europe & Central Asia

AlbaniaAndorraArmeniaAustriaAzerbaijanBelgiumBulgariaBosnia and HerzegovinaBelarusSwitzerlandChannel IslandsCyprus

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators, updated 8 October 2026. Each figure is the latest year available for Turkmenistan. Rankings compare countries with data from the same or recent years.